What Does a Diabetic Foot Exam Include?

If you have diabetes, taking care of your feet isn’t optional—it’s essential. A diabetic foot exam is one of the most important ways to prevent serious complications like infections, ulcers, and even amputation.

But what actually happens during a diabetic foot exam? Let’s break it down so you know exactly what to expect—and why it matters.

Why Diabetic Foot Exams Are So Important

Diabetes can lead to two major problems in the feet:

• Peripheral Neuropathy – Reduced sensation, meaning you may not feel cuts, blisters, or injuries
• Peripheral Artery Disease – Poor blood flow, slowing healing and increasing infection risk

Together, these conditions significantly increase the risk of foot ulcers and complications if not monitored regularly.

What Happens During a Diabetic Foot Exam?

A comprehensive diabetic foot exam is quick, painless, and can save you from major problems down the road.

1. Visual Inspection of the Feet

Your podiatrist will carefully examine your feet for:

• Cuts, cracks, or wounds
• Blisters or sores
• Redness or swelling
• Nail problems (like ingrown or fungal nails)
• Skin changes (dryness, calluses, corns)

Even small issues can become serious if left untreated.

2. Checking for Loss of Sensation

To test for nerve damage, your provider may use a small tool called a monofilament.

This evaluates your ability to feel light touch—a key indicator of Diabetic Neuropathy.

They may also test:

• Vibration sensation
• Temperature sensitivity
• Reflexes

3. Assessing Blood Flow (Circulation)

Good circulation is critical for healing. Your podiatrist will:

• Check pulses in your feet and ankles
• Look for signs of poor circulation (cool skin, discoloration)
• Sometimes use Doppler ultrasound for deeper evaluation

This helps detect Peripheral Artery Disease early.

4. Evaluating Foot Structure & Deformities

Changes in foot shape can increase pressure points and lead to ulcers.

Your provider will check for:

• Bunions
• Hammertoes
• Flat feet or high arches
• Areas of high pressure

5. Checking for Ulcers or High-Risk Areas

If you already have a wound, it will be evaluated for:

• Depth and severity
• Signs of infection
• Healing progress

If no wounds are present, your podiatrist will identify high-risk areas before problems develop.

6. Footwear Assessment

Your shoes matter more than you think.

A diabetic foot exam often includes:

• Evaluating shoe fit and support
• Identifying pressure points caused by footwear
• Recommending diabetic shoes or custom orthotics

How Often Should You Get a Diabetic Foot Exam?

• At least once a year for all diabetic patients
• More frequently (every 3–6 months) if you have:
  • Neuropathy
  • Poor circulation
  • History of foot ulcers

What Happens If a Problem Is Found?

Early detection allows for simple, effective treatment:

• Callus care and pressure offloading
• Wound care for ulcers
• Custom orthotics
• Infection management
• Advanced treatments like laser therapy or minor procedures

How to Prepare for Your Appointment

To get the most out of your visit:

• Remove nail polish
• Bring your current shoes
• Make a list of symptoms (numbness, pain, burning)
• Mention any recent injuries

Tips to Protect Your Feet Between Exams

• Check your feet daily
• Keep skin clean and moisturized
• Avoid walking barefoot
• Trim nails carefully
• Wear properly fitted shoes

Final Thoughts

A diabetic foot exam is simple—but it can prevent life-changing complications. Regular visits to a podiatrist help catch problems early, protect your mobility, and keep you healthy.

If you have diabetes, don’t wait until there’s pain—schedule your foot exam today and stay one step ahead. Contact our office today with Dr. Gireesh Reddy or Dr. Sirisha Pokala by calling (469) 573-3427 or by booking an appointment online.